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| Am J Prev Med 1999 Jul;17(1):18-23 |
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Long-term
blood cholesterol-lowering effects of a dietary fiber supplement.
Knopp RH, Superko HR, Davidson M, Insull W, Dujovne CA, Kwiterovich
PO, Zavoral JH, Graham K, O'Connor RR, Edelman DA.
N.W. Lipid Research Clinic, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle,
Washington, USA.
BACKGROUND: The study evaluated the blood cholesterol-lowering
effects of a dietary supplement of water-soluble fibers (guar
gum, pectin) and mostly non-water-soluble fibers (soy fiber,
pea fiber, corn bran) in subjects with mild to moderate hypercholesterolemia
(LDL cholesterol, 3.37-4.92 mmol/L). METHODS: After stabilization
for 9 weeks on a National Cholesterol Education Program Step
1 Diet, subjects were randomly assigned to receive 20 g/d of
the fiber supplement (n = 87) or matching placebo (n = 82) for
15 weeks and then receive the fiber supplement for 36 weeks.
The efficacy analyses included the 125 subjects (58 fiber; 67
placebo) who were treatment and diet compliant. One hundred
two (52 fiber; 50 placebo) completed the 15-week comparative
phase. Of these subjects 85 (45 fiber; 40 placebo) elected to
continue in the 36-week noncomparative extension phase. RESULTS:
The mean decreases during the 15-week period for LDL cholesterol
(LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio were
greater (P < 0.001) in the fiber group. The mean changes
from pre-treatment values in LDL-C, TC, and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio
for subjects in the fiber group were -0.51 mmol/L (-12.1%),
-0.53 mmol/L (-8.5%), and -0.30 (-9.4%), respectively. The corresponding
changes in the placebo group were -0.05 mmol/L (-1.3%), -0.05
mmol/L (-0.8%), and 0.05 (1.5%), respectively. The fiber supplement
had no significant effects (P > 0.05) on HDL cholesterol
(HDL-C), triglyceride, iron, ferritin, or vitamin A or E levels.
Similar effects were seen over the subsequent 36-week noncomparative
part of the study. CONCLUSIONS: The fiber supplement provided
significant and sustained reductions in LDL-C without reducing
HDL-C or increasing triglycerides over the 51-week treatment
period.
Publication Types:
- Clinical Trial
- Randomized Controlled Trial
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